Important drive information (servo, sector layout, and defect management, etc.) is stored in the low-level format at the factory. This information is designed to last the life of the drive and therefore it is not possible to low level the drive outside the factory. Although some drive manufactures and BIOS provided so-called 'low level format utilities', they actually perform a write-read verify of the drive's user data sectors, and do not actually perform a low-level format.
In the event of a corrupted master boot record or boot block virus, use FDISK /MBR command to restore the master boot record and then high-level (normal) format the drive as usual. If you REALLY do need to low level format your hard drive then check the drive manufacturer and download such an utility from its website. Every drive manufacturer provides just such a utility. Yes, but it depends on what/why you are asking. There are many utilities such as Partition Magic that you can run to reformat/repartition or scan a hard disk to retrieve data from previous formats/partitions, etc. Undelete and ER Lite are two data recovery utilities that I have used that work, if that is what you are asking. The previous data is still available assuming it hasn't been overwritten or destroyed using other more secure means.